Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome – Nearest GynecologIst To Your Hotel
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder causing enlarged ovaries with cysts, leading to menstrual irregularities, weight gain, and metabolic issues.
Ortaca, Dalaman, Köyceğiz, Fethiye, Obstetrics & Gynecologist , Medical Doctor
If A Woman İs İll, There İs No Serenity At Home.
Mesut Bayraktar,MD
Gynecology & Obstetrics Specialist
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome – Nearest GynecologIst To Your Hotel
Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a very common condition affecting at least 14% of all women of reproductive age. It is characterised by- Signs of excess hair or acne- Appearance of the ovaries would be described as polycystic ovaries – what this means is that the ovaries contain at least 12 small follicles usually around toward the outer surface of the ovary.
How do I know I have PCOS?
2 out of 3 the above criteria are required for diagnosing the syndrome. Clinically one or more of the following symptoms may also be present:- Irregular ovulation or no ovulation- Infertility; difficulty in becoming pregnant- Recurrent miscarriages- Unwanted facial and/or body hair (hirsutism)- Oily skin, acne- Being overweight, rapid weight gain especially around the waist and abdomen (central obesity); or difficulty in losing weight
What causes PCOS?
In PCOS there an imbalance between the pituitary gonadotropin luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), resulting in a lack of ovulation and an increased testosterone production, a male sex hormone.Nobody knows exactly what causes this imbalance but it is felt that it is probably a combination of genetic and environmental factors.Many women with PCOS have a weight problem and there appears to be a relationship betweenPCOS and the body’s ability to make insulin. Insulin is a hormone that regulates the change of sugar, starches and other food into energy for the body’s use or for storage. Many women with PCOS have insulin resistance, in which the body cannot use insulin efficiently. Since some women with PCOS make too much insulin, this leads to high circulating blood levels of insulin, called hyperinsulinemia. It is believed that hyperinsulinemia is related to increased androgen levels and it is possible that the ovaries react by making too many male hormones, androgens. This can lead to acne, excessive hair growth, weight gain (obesity), and ovulation problems as well as type 2 diabetes. In turn, obesity can increase insulin levels, causing PCOS to get worse.
Investigation of PCOS:
– Transvaginal Ultrasound (specific reporting on numbers of follicles is essential) FSH/LH ratio (on day 3-5 of menses) or after progesterone challenge, avoid mid-cycle day 18-20 in women with cycles less than 35 days)- Male hormone (Androgen) profile- Blood sugar testing (Oral glucose tolerance ) if BMI >27- Thyroid function tests- Lipid profile (cholesterol, LDL and triglycerides)
Treatment of PCOS
Lifestyle change and change in diet are absolutely paramount. Prophylactic use of Metformin in women with impaired glucose tolerance to prevent progression of diabetes is gaining increasing acceptance. The effectiveness of Metformin, in relation to ovulation induction, has been evaluated and has not been found to be useful on its own.For women with irregular cycles who would like to conceive Clomiphene Citrate (CC) is the first choice therapy for women with PCOS (no previous treatments). In CC resistant women, a combination of CC plus Metformin could be tried before considering ovarian drilling or IVF as the final options. For women requesting cycle control, oral contraceptive pill with anti-androgen activity (Yasmin) should be offered.
In Summary
In PCOS presenting symptoms are highly variableNot all women are infertileTreatment of PCOS is highly individualised.Lifestyle changes and exercise are mandatory as part of the management of the condition.Metformin may have a role in treatment of PCOS and a six-month trial is worthwhile, especially in overweight PCOS.Clomiphene is the initial treatment of choice in infertility.Clomiphene plus Metformin may be more effective than ovarian drilling or IVF.
Conclusion
PCOS is a very common problem in women of reproductive age that has both short-term effects upon reproductive function and longer term effects upon the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The treatment of the condition is highly individualised and very much dependant on the presenting symptoms and needs of the woman in terms of fertility, cycle control, weight issues and hyperandrogenic symptoms.
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Geleceğiniz Sizin ElinizdePolycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Gizemli Sır: Asemptomatik Vajinal Akıntı Rahi̇m & Vaji̇nal Kanamalar Neden Beklemekle İyi̇leşmi̇yor ? Muğla Kürtaj Pillar Content Ayrıntılı Ultrason Rahim İltihabı Vajinal Akıntı Menopoz nedir? Gebelikte – Hamilelikte Kanama
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